Abstract: Capital is a critical participant in environmental pollution control. Analyzing the role and limitations of capital in environmental pollution control is a necessary prerequisite for regulating and guiding capital to fully play its positive role in improving the environment. The process of environmental pollution control of capital is a production process, and the commodities it provides are “pollution control services”. As a special sector of production materials, environmental pollution control is structurally bound to the general production materials and consumption materials. Only when smooth exchanges in value and in kind are enabled across all the three sectors can the dual goals of economic development and pollution control be achieved simultaneously. However, the limitations of capital will destroy the exchange conditions of the three sectors and lead to insufficient pollution control, which is specifically manifested in the coercion of capital interests over policies, the profitseeking nature of capital, and the serious imbalance between the supply and demand of pollution control caused by economic crises. In order to overcome the limitations of capital in environmental pollution control, we should insist on implementing the pollution control requirements through the environmental inspection led by the central government, rationally guiding capital to participate in pollution control through systematic design, and building an industrial structure of pollution control led by public capital and public institutions. 

Key words: environmental pollution control, capital, three-sector reproduction schema, socialist market economy

摘要： 资本是环境污染治理的重要参与者，分析资本治理环境污染的作用和局限是规范和引导资本充分发挥改善环境积极作用的必要前提。资本的环境污染治理过程是生产过程，其提供的商品是“污染治理服务”。环境污染治理部类作为特殊生产资料部类，与一般生产资料部类、消费资料部类的交换存在结构性约束。只有三部类在价值和实物上都实现了顺畅交换，经济发展与污染治理的双重目标才能同时实现。但是，资本局限性会破坏三部类交换条件,导致污染治理不足，具体表现为资本利益裹挟政策、资本的逐利性、经济危机引起治污供需严重失衡等情况。为克服资本的环境污染治理局限，我国应坚持以中央环境督察贯彻党和国家治污要求，以系统性设计合理引导资本参与污染治理，以公有制资本和公共机构为主导构建污染治理产业格局。

关键词: 环境污染治理, 资本, 三部类再生产模型, 社会主义市场经济