Abstract: György Lukácss and Louis Althusser, two Western Marxist scholars, are regarded as a representative of humanism and that of scientism, respectively. However, is this distinction accurate? Through analyzing and discussing “dialectic of totality” of Lukács and “pluralistic determinism” of Althusser, this paper identifies the similarities and differences between them. The separation of humanism and scientism is a neglect of the consistent achievements of Western Marxism, and it will conceal the problems in Western Marxism itself.

Key words: Gy?rgy Lukács, Louis Althusser, Western Marxism

摘要： 西方马克思主义思想家卢卡奇和阿尔都塞，一个被看作人本主义的代表，一个被看作科学主义的代表。然而，这种划分是否准确？本文通过对卢卡奇“总体性辩证法”和阿尔都塞“多元决定论”等思想的论述与分析，阐明了两者的同与异，卢卡奇与阿尔都塞两人具有相同的认识论基础，表现出西方马克思主义主体哲学的基本特征；把两者分列人文与科学两边，是对西方马克思主义一致性成果的忽视，也会掩盖西方马克思主义自身中存在的问题。对二者的深入考察，更为明确地揭示了西方马克思主义的基本特征与发展趋势。

关键词: 卢卡奇, 阿尔都塞, 西方马克思主义