Abstract: Public participation in grassroots social governance is an inevitable requirement for building a socialist governance system with Chinese characteristicsBuilding an extensive, orderly and effective public participation in grassroots governance is of great significance for enriching the form of grassroots democracy and consolidating the strong foundation of Party leadership at the grassroots levelHowever, in practices, there is still a certain gap between public participation in grassroots social governance and the demand for policy advocacy and governance, presenting a complex and diverse situationUsing the analytical framework of the collective action theory, we can make an insightful analysis on the mechanisms of public participation in grassroots governanceBoth theoretical discussions and practical applications have proved that to enhance public participation, we must give full play to the political advantages of the Party leadership, remove barriers in the process through reinforcing the role of grassroots Party organizations, and maximize the efficiency and effectiveness of public participation in grassroots social governance

Key words: public participation, grassroots governance, collective action theory, Partybuilding initiatives

摘要： 公众参与基层社会治理，是构建中国特色社会主义社会治理体系的必然要求，构建广泛、有序、有效的公众参与基层治理格局，对于丰富基层民主形式、巩固党在基层的执政基础具有重要意义。但在基层社会治理实践当中，公众对于基层社会治理的参与，与政策倡导和治理需求相比，还存在一定的差距，呈现出一种复杂多样的局面。运用集体行动理论的分析框架，可以对公众参与基层治理的机理进行有价值的分析。理论与实践证明，提升公众参与的治理与成效，必须发挥党的领导的政治优势，通过基层党组织政治功能消解公众参与基层社会治理的各种阻滞性因素，实现公众参与基层社会治理效能的最大化。

关键词: 公众参与, 基层治理, 集体行动理论, 党建引领