Abstract: Security dilemma is an unintended consequence in which security seekers may result in the insecurity of other states and the deterioration of the overall security. The state's national security is affected by the strategic interaction, and the security dilemma is an unintended consequence which origins from the misperception during the process of security seeking. The features and preconditions of security dilemma include the securityoriented state, no offensive and malign intentions, and the structuredoriginsfrom the anarchy of international society. The approaches of regulation of security dilemma are rationalism and cognitivsim focusing on different variables of rational costs and cognitive shortcomings. The key issue of regulation of security dilemma is the uncertainty of intentions, which means increasing the credibility of intention signaling would be beneficial for the realization of the community of destiny and the management of the SinoU.S. strategic competition.

Key words: security dilemma, rationalism, cognitivism, strategic communication, SinoUS. strategic competition

摘要： 安全困境是指一国追求自身的安全导致其他国家的不安全，进而总体安全环境的恶化，形成安全追求的非本意恶化的局面。国家安全受到战略互动的影响，安全困境是国家追求安全过程中的一种非本意和错误认知的结果。安全困境具有系列的核心特征和前提，比如国家都是追求自身的安全，而非进攻性和恶意的，其起源于国际社会的根本特性，即无政府状态，因此安全困境的起源是结构性的。缓解安全困境的理性主义和认知主义路径强调不同因素的作用，聚焦于理性成本与认知机制的不同来源。缓解安全困境的核心在于克服国家意图的不确定性，通过战略沟通增强国家意图传递的可信性与正确认知，有助于实现命运共同体以及管控中美战略竞争关系。

关键词: 安全困境, 理性主义, 认知主义, 战略沟通, 中美战略竞争