Abstract: Opening the modernity dimension of the Communist Manifesto is the dual need of theoretical innovation and practical development. First, the classical text needs to constantly innovate in combination with the context of a different time; second, the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era needs theoretical guidance. To open the modernity dimension of the Communist Manifesto, we need to adhere to the interactive cycle of “returning to the original text” and “being creative” in methodology: on the one hand, it explores and studies Marx and Engels' theoretical viewpoints and thinking methods on the generation and development of capitalist modernity, contradiction and dilemma, termination and transcendence, and reflects “returning to the original text”；on the other hand, on the basis of “returning to the original text”, “being creative” should use a creative principle to realize the contemporary transformation of the theory, and transform the modernity thought in the Communist Manifesto into a practical principle for the construction of modernity with Chinese characteristics in the new era. In this way, the combination of “the original text” and “the contemporary reality” in Marxism studies can be reflected, and the study of the Communist Manifesto can be closely combined with the reality of China with a realistic attitude.

Key words: Communist Manifesto, modernity, China's road, China's reality

摘要： 开启《宣言》的现代性维度是理论创新与实践发展的双重需要，一是经典文本需要结合时代语境而不断创新出场，二是新时代中国特色社会主义发展亟需理论指引。开启《宣言》的现代性维度需要在方法论上坚持“返本”与“开新”的互动循环：一方面，挖掘与深研马克思恩格斯关于资本主义现代性生成与发展、矛盾与困境、终结与超越的理论观点和思想方法，体现“返本”；另一方面，在“返本”的基础上进行“开新”，要以一种创造性的原则来实现理论的当代转化，将《宣言》的现代性思想转化为新时代中国特色社会主义建构的实践原则。这样，才能体现马克思主义研究中“源”与“道”的结合，才能以实事求是的态度将《宣言》研究与中国现实紧密结合。

关键词: 《共产党宣言》, 现代性, 中国道路, 中国现实