Abstract: Marxs theory of metabolic rift dissects the breakdown of metabolic interaction between humans, nature, and society under capitalism. It reflects Marxs theory on ecological crisis——humans hegemonism over nature. The root of hegemonism is dualistic thinking pattern and centralism, which results in an alienated world based on the logic of capitalism. Marxs practical materialism is the key to deconstructing dualism and centralism, and eradicating hegemonism and absolving alienation. Besides, its crucial to cultivate human love for the world. Ecological civilization is possible only by effectively coordinating ideology, system, and emotion, and resolving the confrontation between human and nature.

Key words: Marx , alienation , theory of metabolic rift , hegemonism , ecological civilization

摘要： 马克思的新陈代谢断裂理论深刻剖析了资本主义条件下人与自然以及社会内部新陈代谢关系断裂的状况，表达了马克思关于生态危机的思想，反映了人对自然的霸权。霸权的渊源是二元对立的思维方式、中心主义思想及资本逻辑下异化的世界。用马克思的实践唯物主义思想解构二元对立思维方式及中心主义思想，驱散霸权的阴魂；限制资本逻辑，破除异化之谜，动摇霸权的根基；培养爱世界的情感，凝聚消解霸权的力量。只有在思想、制度、情感等人性维度上协同努力，才能真正解决人与自然的矛盾，生态文明建设才是可能的。

关键词: 马克思 , 异化 , 新陈代谢断裂理论 , 霸权 , 生态文明