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主办:中国人民大学
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The Philosophical Solution to the Problem of the Subject and  Object of the Ideological and Political Education

Liu Jian-jun   

  1. School of Marxism Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872
  • Online:2016-02-16 Published:2016-02-23

思想政治教育主客体难题的哲学求解*

刘建军   

  1. 中国人民大学马克思主义学院
  • 作者简介:刘建军,中国人民大学马克思主义学院教授(北京 100872)。
  • 基金资助:

    本文系中国人民大学品牌研究计划“思想政治教育基本文献与基本问题研究”(项目号:10XNI009)、国家社会科学基金重点项目“思想政治教育的主客体关系研究”(项目号:13AKS011)的阶段性成果。

Abstract:

The debate on the subject and object of the ideological and political education is originated from the issue of how to settle the initiative of the educated. Because of the limitation of the traditional relationship between the subject and the object, especially because of the rigid understanding of the concept of the object, there is no place to settle the initiative of the educated. Therefore, we have to prove that the educated is the subject and derived the initiative from the concept of the subject. These efforts are of positive significance, but this does not exclude the necessity of the educated as the object. Therefore, the key is that we must carry on a thorough analysis to the connotations of the subject and object, reveal the multiple connotations of object and plant the initiative into these connotations.
 

Key words: ideological and political education , subject , object , dual subjects

摘要:

思想政治教育研究中的主客体争论,起因于如何安顿受教育者的能动性问题,症结在于能否从客体概念中引申出能动属性。由于人们对主客体关系的传统理解的局限,特别是对客体概念的僵化理解,使受教育者的能动性无处安顿,因而只好另辟蹊径,去论证受教育者是主体,并从主体概念中引申出能动性。这些努力是有积极意义的,但这并未能排除受教育者作为客体的必然性,因为主客体概念作为人类对象性活动最基本要素和结构的抽象,适用于包括思想政治教育活动在内的一切对象性活动。因此,关键在于对主客体的内涵进行深入分析,揭示出客体的多重内涵,并将能动性植入其中。在认定教育者和受教育者分别是思想政治教育主客体的基础上,再借鉴双主体或主体际学说来进一步分析思想政治教育过程中主客体双方的具体关系。

关键词: 思想政治教育 , 主体 , 客体 , 双主体