Abstract: In 2010, Engelswork “On Historical Materialism”which appeared in the magazine “Die Neue Zeit”in 1892 was included for the first time in the newly published 2010 version of MEGA②I/32. This will arouse a new round of discussions among international researchers of Marx and Engels. As we know, it was Engels who defined Marxist theoretical system as historical materialism. Being the only work so far directly entitled “On Historical Materialism”by a founder and coauthor (Engels), its inclusion into the collection of Marx and Engels not only concerns a new definition of the origin of the wording “historical materialism”, but is also closely related to Engelsnew contribution to historical materialism in his late years, and thus imposes heavy influence on Marxist discourse structure throughout the 20th century. Therefore, further discussion of the origin and spread of“On Historical Materialism”based on the relevant background information new MEGA provides will help us deepen our understanding of the significance of Engelsnew contribution to historical materialism in his late years and its influence on development of Marxist theoretical system.

Key words: Engels , On Historical Materialism , new MEGA

摘要： 2010年新出版的MEGA②I/32，首次收入了恩格斯1892年发表在《新时代》杂志上的《论历史唯物主义》。这将给国际马克思恩格斯思想研究界带来新的思考和讨论，因为我们知道，将马克思主义理论体系明确界定为“历史唯物主义”的正是恩格斯，而《论历史唯物主义》作为迄今为止唯一一部直接以“历史唯物主义”为题名的马克思主义思想体系（共同）创始人（恩格斯）的著述，首次被收入马克思恩格斯著作集，将不仅关涉“历史唯物主义”称法由来的新界定，而且还将与恩格斯晚年对历史唯物主义的新贡献密切相关，并因此对恩格斯身后整个20世纪马克思主义话语建构产生深远的影响。因此，在新MEGA所提供的相关背景资料的基础上，进一步探讨《论历史唯物主义》的缘起与传播，将有助于我们利用新材料，深化对恩格斯晚年关于历史唯物主义的新创建及其对以后的马克思主义思想体系发展的意义。

关键词: 恩格斯 , 《论历史唯物主义》 , 新MEGA