Abstract: According to Marxist theory,free time refers to non-working hours exclusive of the time for biological needs.The authors hold that inclusion of the time for biological needs into free time just because it is not of working time is misunderstanding and misinterpretation of Marx’s ideas.Free time is leisure time.Although Marx did not use the word "leisure",he clearly interpreted the concept of leisure by means of explaining the free activities people engaged in their free time.Of course,free time in essence is time for development.Marx had intended to discover the practical condition and approach to "free development of man".The free leisure activities must be penetrated with subjective spirit and should reflect the goal of self-development.

Key words: Marx, free time, non-working hours, leisure time, time for development

摘要： 在马克思的理论视域中,自由时间是非劳动时间,是扣除了必要生理需要时间之后的非劳动时间,因为生理需要时间的非劳动性而将之归入自由时间领域是对马克思相关界定的误读与误解。自由时间是休闲时间,尽管马克思没有明确使用休闲字眼,但他关于人们在自由时间中所从事的自由活动的相关论述是对休闲的最好诠释。当然,自由时间从根本上说是一种发展时间。马克思的理论旨趣在于探求"一切人自由发展"的现实条件和实现途径,休闲的自由并不等于无的放矢,自由的休闲活动必须渗透主体精神,彰显人的自我发展目的。

关键词: 马克思, 自由时间, 非劳动时间, 休闲时间, 发展时间