Abstract: Since the early 1990s,there have been two hypotheses about the development trend of capitalism.One is the convergence hypothesis raised by the school of neo-classical economics,which proposed that the world is being transformed to the American model of capitalism;the other is the theory on the diversity of capitalism represented by the school of evolutionary economics.The theory on the diversity of capitalism,as a most powerful tool of criticizing the neo-classical economics and neo-liberalism,is regarded as the continuation of Marx’s studies of capitalism.This paper intends to discuss the contents of evolutionary economics and the theory on the diversity of capitalism.It also explores into the theoretical and practical significance of this theory.

Key words: the convergence hypothesis, theory on the diversity of capitalism, neo-liberalism, evolutionary economics, Marxist economics

摘要： 20世纪90年代初期以来,关于资本主义发展趋势的研究形成了两种针锋相对的假说。一种是新古典经济学派提出的世界正在向美国型资本主义收敛的假说,另一种是以演化经济学派为代表提出的资本主义多样性理论。资本主义多样性理论被看做是批判新古典经济学、新自由主义最有力的理论工具之一,被看做是马克思对资本主义研究的延续和补充。本文的目的在于对演化经济学派的资本主义多样性理论的内容进行梳理,并在此基础上对其理论意义和现实意义进行考察。

关键词: 收敛假说, 资本主义多样性理论, 新自由主义, 演化经济学, 马克思经济学