Abstract: A general consensus has been reached among scholars at home and abroad that by means of studying the origin of three states,that is,Athens,Rome and Germany,Engels put forward three models of the origin of states,namely,the "Athens model",the "Roman model" and the "Germanic model".The paper claims that this viewpoint is not in line with Engels’ idea and there is sufficient evidence to prove that Engels did not consider the origin of Roman state a separate or a second model different from that of the Athenian state.The so-called "Roman model" did not exist.It has resulted from misunderstanding of relevant thoughts of Engels.

Key words: Engels, origin of states, the Roman model, Athenian states

摘要： 对于恩格斯晚年在《家庭、私有制和国家的起源》一书中对国家起源问题的研究,国内外学界通常认为,恩格斯通过探讨希腊雅典、罗马、德意志三个国家的起源问题,分别提出了国家起源的三种独立模式,即“雅典模式”、“罗马模式”和“德意志模式”。本文认为,这种看法不符合恩格斯对罗马国家起源问题的实际思想。有充足的根据表明,恩格斯并未将罗马国家起源道路视为一种不同于雅典式一般道路的“独立模式”或“第二模式”,所谓的“罗马模式”实际上并不存在,它是对恩格斯相关思想误读的产物。

关键词: 恩格斯, 国家起源, 罗马模式, 雅典国家