Abstract: China's rural land system, as an integral part of the national governance system, serves not only as the cornerstone for ensuring national food security and agricultural stability but also as a key underpinning for maintaining rural social harmony, safeguarding farmers rights and interests, and promoting coordinated development between urban and rural areas. Grounded in Marx's theory of institutional change and guided fundamentally by General Secretary Xi Jinpings systems thinking, this paper systematically reviews and interprets the innovative pathways of China's rural land system reform. The study finds that, while adhering to the fundamental tenets of Marxism, China's rural land reform, rooted firmly in its national realities, has achieved major breakthroughs in four aspects: innovation of objectives from a growthoriented approach to coordinated development; innovation of subjects from sole dominance to multistakeholder collaboration; innovation of mechanisms from interest stimulation to benefit sharing; and innovation of pathways from holistic breakthroughs to steady progress. These institutional innovations vividly reflect the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Economy and align closely with key policy imperatives of adhering to comprehensively deepening reforms, promoting highquality development, upholding the peoplecentered philosophy, advancing common prosperity for all, and adhering to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability during the 15th FiveYear Plan period. Looking ahead to the 15th FiveYear Plan period, a critical stage for basically achieving socialist modernization, carrying out the rural land system reform should further unleash the vitality of land as a factor of production, strengthen institutional safeguards for farmers rights, deepen mechanisms for urbanrural integration, enhance green development orientations, and reinforce theoretical innovation and international dialogue. These efforts will lay a solid institutional foundation for socialist modernization and offer Chinese wisdom and solutions to the global rural land system reform.

Key words: China's rural land system, innovative practice, evolutionary logic, adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the time

摘要： 中国农村土地制度作为国家治理体系的重要组成部分，不仅是保障国家粮食安全和农业稳定的基石，也是维护农村社会和谐、保障农民权益、促进城乡协调发展的关键支撑。本文以马克思制度变迁理论为基础框架，以习近平总书记的系统观念为根本指导，系统梳理并阐释中国农地制度改革的实践创新路径。研究发现，我国农地制度改革在坚守马克思主义基本原理的同时，立足中国实际，实现了从增长导向到协调发展的目标创新、从一元主导到多元协同的主体创新、从利益激活到利益共享的机制创新、从整体突破到稳中求进的路径创新等四个方面的重大突破。这些制度创新生动体现了习近平经济思想的科学引领，并与“十五五”时期坚持全面深化改革、推动高质量发展、贯彻人民至上、推进全体人民共同富裕、坚持稳中求进工作总基调等要求高度契合。面向“十五五”这一基本实现社会主义现代化的关键时期，农地制度改革应进一步释放土地要素活力，完善农民权益保障，深化城乡融合机制，增强绿色发展导向，加强理论创新与国际对话，为实现社会主义现代化奠定坚实的制度基础，为全球农地制度变革贡献中国智慧与中国方案。

关键词: 中国农村土地制度, 创新实践, 演进逻辑, 马克思主义中国化时代化