Abstract: The wave of artificial intelligence (AI) is sweeping across the globe, profoundly reshaping how humans produce and live. Like a “doubleedged sword”, AI exerts dual effects on the systems of production and distribution of social wealth. On the production front, the application of AI has expanded the scope, enhanced the efficiency, broadened the domains, and reshaped the infrastructure of wealth production through novel means of production. It has given rise to a new paradigm of intelligent labor characterized by “humanmachine collaboration”, releasing social free time, stimulating creative labor, and constructing a wealth production system that is more efficient and of higher quality, thereby positively promoting the realization of common prosperity. However, within a market economy context, on the distribution front, changes in the composition of production factors have simultaneously triggered a weakening trend of laborers as distribution agents. The changes in the demand structure for production factors have led to a supplydemand gap in skills and a bias toward intelligent capital, resulting in an uneven evolution of the distribution structure, which hinders the realization of common prosperity. This dual tension renders the process of common prosperity nonlinear in nature. It is imperative to fully leverage the advantages of the socialist system to construct a “governmentmarketsociety” collaborative governance framework aimed at reinforcing technological equity, bridging the technological divide, and promoting participatory technological governance.

Key words: artificial intelligence, common prosperity, dual effects, collaborative governance

摘要： 人工智能浪潮席卷而来，深刻改变着人类生产生活方式，它犹如一把“双刃剑”对社会财富生产和分配体系产生了双重效应。在生产端，人工智能的应用使得新型生产资料实现财富生产的范围扩大、效率提升、场域拓展、基建重塑，催生了“人机协同”的智能劳动新范式，释放社会自由时间，激发创造性活劳动，构建更高效率、更高质量的财富生产体系，正向促进共同富裕的实现。但与此同时，在市场经济环境下，在分配端，生产要素构成变化同步诱发了劳动者作为分配主体的弱化趋势，生产要素需求结构变化引致技能供需鸿沟与智能资本偏向，导致分配结构的非均衡演化，阻碍共同富裕的实现。这种双重张力导致共同富裕进程呈现非线性特征，应充分发挥社会主义制度优势，构建以强化技术平权、弥合技术鸿沟、促进技术共治为目标的“政府—市场—社会”协同治理框架。

关键词: 人工智能, 共同富裕, 双重效应, 协同治理