Abstract: The direction and structure of systems for higher education disciplines are determined by national strategic needs. In the early period of New China, security issues were prioritized in national strategy, shaping an industry and defenseoriented discipline system tailored to the “war and revolution” era and characterized by a strong focus on preparedness for conflict. Following the reform and openingup, economic development took precedence in national strategy, leading to the expansion of disciplines such as economics, management, foreign languages, computer science, and derivative technologies to meet the demands of an exportoriented economy. A discipline system oriented towards “opening up, development, and stability” gradually took shape. In the new era, as China transitions from a large nation to a strong one, the national strategy has shifted to “coordinating development and security”. The discipline system must now not only cater to the demand for talents driven by the “new four modernizations”, the latest technological revolution, and industrial transformation, but also serve national security strategy. Efforts must be made in higher education to address security threats and risks in an era of majorpower competition, achieving selfreliance and strength in technological innovation, talent cultivation, and discourse systems. Guided by the strategic needs for coordinating development and security, the latest adjustments to the discipline system emphasize the strategic direction for scientific and technological structural reform, highlight the construction of “four new disciplines”, strengthen interdisciplinary, emerging, and foundational disciplines, and build an independent knowledge system for Chinese modernization. Disciplines centered on “comprehensive security”, with national security studies at their core, are witnessing new development opportunities. As a topdown established discipline, national security studies, guided by the holistic approach to national security, initially form a “threeinone” systematic framework. Its further highquality development requires clear leadership responsibilities, strong institutional coordination and support, and robust internal and external institutional mechanisms, which are essential for establishing a mature intellectual tradition and an academic community dedicated to national security studies.

Key words: coordinating development and security, national security studies, disciplines and majors, construction of an independent knowledge system 

摘要： 国家战略需要决定高等教育学科体系建设的方向和结构。新中国成立后，国家战略中安全优先，形成了配合“战争与革命”时代的“工业与国防建设”导向学科体系，备战色彩浓厚。改革开放后，国家战略中发展优先，适应外向型经济模式需要的经济、管理、外语、电子计算机和衍生技术专业得到发展和扩张，“开放发展稳定”导向的学科体系逐步成型。新时代中国处在由大向强的历史新方位，国家战略调整为“统筹发展和安全”，学科体系既要聚焦“新四化”、新一轮科技革命和产业变革对人才的需要，又要服务于国家安全战略，下好高等教育应对大国竞争时代安全威胁和风险的“先手棋”，实现科技创新、人才培养和话语体系的高水平自立自强。在统筹发展和安全战略的牵引下，新一轮学科调整聚焦“四个面向”，突出“四新”建设，加强交叉、新兴和基础学科，构建中国式现代化自主知识体系，以国家安全学为核心的“大安全”类学科迎来发展机遇。作为自上而下设立的学科，国家安全学以总体国家安全观为指引，初步形成了“三位一体”的系统学科布局，其进一步高质量发展需要理顺领导责任，加强统筹协调和支持引导，补强内在和外在两个层面的学科制度，尽快形成比较成熟的知识思想传统和国家安全学术共同体。

关键词: 统筹发展和安全, 国家安全学, 学科与专业, 自主知识体系建设