Abstract: With the in-depth development of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, and the escalating majorcountry rivalry, developed economies have intensified the implementation of industrial policies, aiming to promote the development of strategic emerging industries and future industries and seize the battleground of global scientific and technological innovation and industrial development. Therefore, moving faster to promote new quality productive forces is not only an inevitable requirement for China to achieve greater selfreliance and strength in science and technology, but also a practical requirement for the country to take the strategic initiative when it comes to its future development and global competition. Compared with the gradual innovation of traditional productive forces, the new quality productive forces take subversive innovation as the core, with its logical starting point being the reconstruction of independent innovation capabilities under the organic unity of the government and market. To accelerate the formation of new quality productive forces, we should give full play to the advantages of the new system of pooling national resources and strengths to make breakthroughs in “bottleneck” problems in core technologies in key areas, promote the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy, climb the global value chain with a modern industrial system, and help Chinese companies become worldclass outfits.

Key words: new quality productive forces, modern industrial system, industrial policy, national competitive advantage

摘要： 新一轮科技革命与产业变革深入发展，大国竞争不断升级，发达经济体纷纷加大产业政策实施力度，旨在促进战略性新兴产业和未来产业发展，抢占全球科技创新和产业发展制高点。为此，加快形成新质生产力既是我国实现高水平科技自立自强的必然要求，也是赢得国际竞争战略主动的现实需要。相较于传统生产力的渐进式创新，新质生产力以颠覆式创新为内核，其逻辑起点应是在政府与市场有机结合下的自主创新能力的重构。加快形成新质生产力，应以新型举国体制破解关键核心技术“卡脖子”难题，推动数字经济与实体经济深度融合，以现代化产业体系攀升全球价值链中上游，打造世界一流企业。

关键词: 新质生产力, 现代化产业体系, 产业政策, 国家竞争优势