Abstract: The key to understanding socialist consultative democracy is to place it in the Chinese context instead of following the existing Western paradigm. Placing “deliberative democracy” and understanding the connotation of the concept of “deliberation” in the Chinese context, this paper analyzes the historical inheritance and contemporary practice of “deliberative democracy” from the perspective of Chinas historical tradition and modern life, providing a reference for building a theoretical system of socialist consultative democracy. Consultation is a wellknown historical discourse and commutative tradition and the culture of consultation since ancient times gives birth to modern consultative democracy in the country. Since its founding, the Communist Party of China has carried out the democratic transformation of consultation in three dimensions, enabling the evolution of consultation in the process of modernization and breaking the limitations of traditional consultation. Generally speaking, socialist consultative democracy is “unique, distinct, and original” under the guidance of Marxism, the shaping of ethics and sociality, the construction of institutions, and the cooperation with other forms of democracy. The construction of socialist consultative democracy shows that the Chinese democracy is an endogenous evolutionary process, and only by breaking through the restrictions of Western modernization can the advantages and characteristics of the Chinese democracy be fully demonstrated.

Key words: consultative democracy, consultation, the Chinese democracy, the Chinese logic

摘要： 理解社会主义协商民主的关键在于跳出西方协商民主的既有范式，重新在中国场景中理解协商民主。以“置身事内”的视角，在中国语境的“协商”概念基础上从中国的历史传统和现代生活中剖析协商民主的历史继承和当代实践，为构建社会主义协商民主理论体系提供参照。协商是中国人熟悉的历史话语和交往传统，自古以来的协商文化是协商民主得以生长壮大的土壤。中国共产党自成立以来对协商进行了三个层次的民主改造，使协商在现代化进程中不断自我扬弃，打破了传统协商的局限性。总的来看，社会主义协商民主具备“独有、独特、独到”的特质，其根源于马克思主义的根基、伦理性与社会性的塑造、系统化的构建以及同其他民主形式的配合。中国式民主是一个内生性演化的过程，只有突破西方现代化的狭隘限制才能彰显中国式民主的优势和特色。

关键词: 协商民主, 协商, 中国式民主, 中国逻辑