Abstract: The problem of poverty is a key issue in the thoughts of Hegel and Marx, and also an important topic that has been hotly debated in the academia regarding where Marx goes far beyond Hegel. In general discussions, the objective dimension of poverty from Marx's perspective has received more attention than the subjective dimension. However, if we revisit Hegel's works, we find that the subjective and objective dimensions of poverty have been emphasized by Hegel, who provides us with ideological hints for investigating the issue of poverty from Marxs perspective. Starting from the discussion of poverty from the perspectives of Hegel and Marx, this paper attempts to elaborate and examine the discussion of the subjective and objective dimensions of poverty from both perspectives, and points out that the subjective and objective dimensions of poverty from Marx's perspective coexist and are both indispensable. Only by paying attention to these two dimensions at the same time can we understand what Marxs ultimate transcendence of Hegel is on the problem of poverty. Then we can also be able to reflect on the two ways of discussing poverty from Marxs perspective, represented by Max Weber, Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri. We also discuss the subjectobject dialectic embedded in the problem of poverty from Marxs perspective and the contemporary enlightenment it brings.

Key words: poverty, civil society, rabble, labor, the proletariat

摘要： 贫困问题是见诸于黑格尔与马克思的思想中的关键问题，也是学界热议的关于马克思对黑格尔的超越的重要议题。在一般的讨论中，马克思视域下贫困问题的客观维度收获了多于主观维度的关注；但若我们返回黑格尔的作品，会发现贫困问题的主客观维度得到了黑格尔的同时强调，因此黑格尔为我们考察马克思视域下的贫困问题做了思路上的提示。本文从黑格尔和马克思视域下的贫困问题出发，试图在详细阐述和考察二者对贫困问题的主客观维度的讨论的基础上，指明在马克思这里贫困问题的主客观维度既是同时共在的，又是缺一不可的，只有同时关注到这两大维度，才能够理解马克思在贫困问题上对黑格尔的最终超越。在完成了上述讨论之后，我们也便能够反思以韦伯和哈特、奈格里为代表的对马克思视域下贫困问题的两种讨论方式；同时讨论内在于马克思视域下贫困问题中的主客辩证法，及其带给我们的当代启示。

关键词: 贫困, 市民社会, 贱民, 劳动, 无产阶级