Abstract: The category construction of ideological and political education is the key to its development from a discipline to a science. In the past forty years of development of the discipline, certain progress has been made in the discussion of the proposition of its categories, but it has always been difficult to reach a theoretical consensus. The problem lies in the lack of a clear cognition on the premise for the construction of the discipline's categories. Starting from the historical development of the category itself and the logic of theoretical development, to the category construction of the discipline of ideological and political education, we should reject the mechanistic objective conformism and relativistic subjective cognitivism, adopt the Marxist theory, especially its methodology of unity of theory and practice and that of logic and history, in order to promote the category construction of ideological and political education towards active, hierarchical and functional development that complies with reality, development patterns and goals, and realize the inherent transcendence of category research.

Key words: ideological and political education, category, active, hierarchical, functional

摘要： 思想政治教育学范畴的构建，是思想政治教育学由学科通向科学的关键。在近四十年的学科发展历程中，有关学科范畴命题的探讨取得一定进展，但始终难以形成共识性的理论成果，问题在于未明晰学科范畴构建的前提性认知。从范畴本身的历史发展与理论发展逻辑出发，思想政治教育学科范畴的构建需要摒弃机械主义的客观符合论和相对主义的主观认知论，运用马克思主义理论尤其是理论与实践相统一、逻辑与历史相统一的方法论，从合现实性、合规律性、合目的性角度出发，推进思想政治教育学范畴朝能动化、层级化与功用化路向发展，实现范畴研究的内在超越。

关键词: 思想政治教育, 范畴, 能动化, 层次化, 功用化