Abstract: The reason of state is the rationality based on the national interest, the law of state operation, the theoretical collection of “what the state should be”, the collective consensus of the people of a country, and therefore the highest value among all values of the state. The reason of state is generally reflected in the constitution, laws and regulations, development strategies, development plans and government work reports formulated by the state, as well as in the practices of legislation, administration and justice, and in the constitution and program of the ruling party. If we proceed from the theory of overall national interest and reify the theory into a set of economic concepts with consistent logical connotations such as the subject of state, the reason of state, the theory of state, and the mode of modern production, we can reasonably explain China's national economic strategies, guidelines and policies since 1949, logically integrate the development stage of the socialist planned economy with that of the socialist market economy. The concept provides a coherent theoretical description of China's socialist practice and helps us explore the construction of a modern body of knowledge on the economic laws of socialism concerning the relations of production, exchange, distribution and consumption. Therefore, the construction of the academic system, discourse system, and the body of knowledge of the Chinese socialist political economy can lead to a logically coherent narrative system through the core concepts of the subject of state, the reason of state, the theory of state, and the mode of modern production.

Key words: the subject of state, the reason of state, the mode of modern production, the analytical paradigm of the Chinese political economy

摘要： 国家理性是基于国家利益的理性，是国家运作的法则，是 “国家应当为何”的理论集合,是一个国家民众的集体共识,因而是国家所有价值中的最高价值。国家理性一般体现在国家制定的宪法、法规、发展战略、发展规划和政府工作报告中,也体现在立法、行政和司法的实践中,还体现在执政党的党章党纲中。如果从国家整体利益说出发,把国家整体利益说具象化为国家主体、国家理性、国家理论、现代化生产方式等一组逻辑内涵一致的经济概念,就可以合理地解释 1949年以来中国的国家经济战略、方针和政策,就可以逻辑一致地统摄社会主义计划经济和社会主义市场经济两个发展阶段,给中国社会主义实践一个连贯的理论叙述，探索构建现代生产关系、交换关系、分配关系和消费关系的社会主义经济运行规律的知识体系。因此，构建中国社会主义政治经济学的学术体系、话语体系、知识体系就可以通过国家主体、国家理性、现代生产方式这些核心概念，引致出逻辑连贯的叙述体系。

关键词: 国家主体, 国家理性, 现代生产方式, 中国政治经济学分析范式