Abstract: It is necessary to reveal Marx's complex intellectual horizon between traditional thoughts and the modern philosophy by centering on his “Notes on Epicurean Philosophy”. Marx argued that there was a remarkable similarity between the situation after Aristotle and that after Hegel，ie the total philosophy encountered the crisis of disintegration and a transformation in philosophy was expected Marx foresaw that a possible way for the transformation in philosophy after Hegel to reconstruct the total philosophy in a “subjective form” lay in the philosophy of selfconsciousness and the “materialization of philosophy”. Marx's doctoral dissertation and related notes show us the image of a young thinker trying to find a way of philosophical revolution by bridging the ancient and the modern Viewed from the perspective of a macro intellectual history，the relationship between traditional and modern thoughts in the “Notes on Epicurean Philosophy” is not onedimensional Instead，there is a bidirectional process of interaction，in which “inspirations from classics” and “modern reconstruction” are intertwined The process in which classical thoughts inspire and motivate modern thinkers is also a process in which modern thinkers construct and reconstruct classical thoughts In Marx's consciousness of a modern philosophical revolution，classical thoughts are reproduced and thereby gain profound “modernity”.

Key words: classical Western thoughts, Marx's philosophical revolution, philosophy of selfconsciousness, between the ancient and the modern

摘要： 应当以马克思《关于伊壁鸠鲁哲学的笔记》为中心，勘察古希腊哲学思想与马克思哲学革命起源的深层关联，揭示马克思在传统思想与现代哲学之间的复杂思想视域。通过精深的古典学阐释和思想史研究，马克思认为，亚里士多德之后的境遇与黑格尔之后的境遇显著相似，均出现了总体性哲学解体的危机，都呼唤着哲学变革。由此，马克思预见到，黑格尔之后的哲学变革通过“主观形式”重建总体性哲学的可能性路径是自我意识哲学及“哲学的世界化”。“博士论文”及其笔记向我们展现了一位力图在“古今之间”求索哲学革命道路的青年思想家的思想形象。从宏观思想史角度来看，在《关于伊壁鸠鲁哲学的笔记》中传统思想与现代思想之间的关系并不是单向度的，而是双向的相互作用过程，“古典启示”与“现代重构”相互交融。古典思想在启示、激发现代思想者的过程，同时也是现代思想者建构、重构古典思想的过程。在马克思的现代哲学革命的问题意识中，古典思想资源得以再生产因而具有了深刻的“现代性”。

关键词: 西方古典思想, 马克思哲学革命, 自我意识哲学, 古今之间