关键词: 群众, 精神, 唯物史观, 时代意蕴, 现实要求

Abstract: The views of Marx and Engels on the “mass” and “spirit” are the concentrated expression of the Marxist view of the history of the mass and the spiritual life, and are the important theoretical basis for the realization of the common wealth of the peoples spiritual life in the new era. In The Holy Family, they exposed the idealistic worldview and view of history of Hegel and the young Hegelians, criticized the speculative philosophers separation and opposition of the “spirit” and “mass” and the inverted logic of excluding the mass from spirit and history, further identified the dialectical unity of the “mass” and “spirit”, clarified the dominant position of the mass in social and historical development, and demonstrated the leading power of the spirit over the mass. In the new era, to promote the Chinese path to modernization, we should be guided by Marx and Engels dialectical unity theory of the “mass” and “spirit”, correctly grasp the relationship between material life and spiritual life, between spiritual production and spiritual needs and between spiritual cultural undertakings and spiritual cultural industries, uphold the peoplecentered approach, persist in “arming the people with advanced theories”, and continuously promote the common prosperity of the peoples material and spiritual life, in order to write a brand new chapter in pursuing socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics and achieving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

Key words: mass, spirit, historical materialism, contemporary implications, practical requirements