关键词: 唯物主义, 自然科学, 双重路径, 两个结盟

Abstract: On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of its publication, “On the Significance of Militant Materialism” is rerevisited in this paper, not only because it is the most famous philosophical work in the late Lenin period, but also due to its ideological value and methodological significance it embodies that are still realistic today. In order to demonstrate the philosophical thought and value of the text itself in the new era, we need to pay attention to several issues in the process of interpretation: first, the new theoretical value should be explored from the investigation of the relevant background and the cleaning up campaign in academic history; second, that Lenin elaborated the principles and ideological standards that Marxists should follow in future works from the dual paths of philosophy and social practice should be highlighted; finally, combined with characteristics of the times, the theoretical significance and methodological enlightenment of Lenins “two alliance” theory for China's socialist modernization should be fully demonstrated.
 

Key words: materialism, natural science, dual paths, “two alliances”