关键词: 美国政治学, 历史转向, 科学诱惑, 本体论, 历史政治学

Abstract:

Political science has always been a subject based on the history, but in the United States, the close relationship between the two has been eroded gradually after the behavioral revolution. From 1960s to 1970s, the “marginal revolution” sparked from historical sociology set off the first wave of historical turn. Based on big structures, large processes and huge comparison, a group of scholars who can be regarded as milestone ended the dominant position of structural functionalism and left many influential theories, concepts and works for later generations. At the beginning of the 21st century, the debates between quantitative and qualitative methods promoted the emergence of the second wave of historical turn. The new historical turn, represented by historical institutionalism, has a clearer sense of methodology, but less in enlightening works. In spite of the Ontological conflict , no matter  “scientific turn” or “cultural turn” are unable to effectively resist the  “temptation from natural science”which has been pervaded in American academia for a long time, which forces researchers to ignore the important role of history while pursuing the universal theory and the scientific logic. In the face of difficulties and challenges, the proposition of historical political science could provide a possible way to reshape the historical imagination and build the indigenous knowledge system.

Key words: American political science, historical turn, temptations from natural science, ontology, historical political science