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教学与研究

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经济金融化视角下的美国经济结构与中美经贸摩擦

蔡万焕#br#   

  1. 清华大学马克思主义学院
  • 出版日期:2019-11-16 发布日期:2019-11-07
  • 作者简介:蔡万焕，清华大学马克思主义学院副教授（北京 100084）。
  • 基金资助:
    本文系国家社科基金青年项目“2008年国际金融危机后马克思主义金融资本理论的新发展研究”（项目号：15CJL001）的阶段性成果。

The US Economic Structure and SinoUS Economic and Trade Frictions from the Perspective of Financialization

Cai Wanhuan   

  1. School of Marxism, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
  • Online:2019-11-16 Published:2019-11-07

PDF

摘要：

经济金融化下，美国实体经济空心化，金融资本脱离实体经济相对独立发展，导致美国必须高度依赖外部市场购买实物消费品，美国巨额贸易逆差源自其自身经济结构而非外部原因。贸易逆差并不意味着美国处于不利的地位，从货物贸易、服务贸易和金融资本对外投资三者来看，美国在服务贸易、对外投资获取利润上都处于绝对优势地位。中美经贸摩擦是美国新自由主义的表现，美国可放开对华出口管制以减少逆差。过度金融化的美国经济警示在中国经济发展过程中，应处理好国内经济结构平衡关系、处理好金融与实体经济关系、谨慎对待资本项目放开。

关键词: 金融化 , 新自由主义 , 贸易逆差 , 实体经济

Abstract:

Under the economic financialization, the real economy of the United States has become more hollow. The relatively independent development of financial capital from the real economy has led the United States to rely heavily on external markets for the purchase of physical consumer goods. The huge US trade deficit stems from its own economic structure rather than external reasons. The trade deficit does not mean that the United States is at a disadvantage position. From the perspective of goods trade, service trade and foreign investment in financial capital, the United States is in an absolute dominant position in terms of service trade and foreign investment. Some people in the United States advocate that “fair trade” is actually implementing double standards, and the United States can liberalize export controls to China to reduce the deficit. The overfinancial US economic warning indicates that in the process of China's economic development, we should handle the balance of domestic economic structure, handle financial and real economic relations, and open capital projects with caution.

Key words: financialization , industrial structure , trade deficit , real economy