关键词: 类本质 , 自由 , 社会批判 , 价值依据

Abstract: Marx, in his Economic and Philosophical Manuscript of 1844, made the full analysis of the problems about the human s categorical nature. His thought of the human s categorical nature was inspired by Feuerbach s critique of religion, National Economics and Hegel s Phenomenology of Spirit, but his thought surpassed the three thought resources. From the sensitive activities of human life, Marx gave the human s categorical nature three definitions in which “Man is the existence of free” is the universal proposition. According to the thought, Marx proposed the theory of labor-alienation which was used to criticize bourgeois wage-labor. In his later writings, Marx still kept to the universal proposition, thereby he could integrate the empirical study of capitalist mode of production and value criticism of it. Therefore, Marx s thought of human s categorical nature is the value basis of social critique, which could not be dispelled.

Key words: human s categorical nature , freedom, social critique , value basis