试析自由主义与社会主义的“重叠共识”——基于20世纪上半叶中国思想界的考察

《教学与研究》 ›› 2010, Vol. ›› Issue (10): 15-22.DOI:

试析自由主义与社会主义的“重叠共识”——基于20世纪上半叶中国思想界的考察

闫润鱼

中国人民大学, 国际关系学院, 北京, 100872

收稿日期:2009-12-06 出版日期:2010-10-20 发布日期:2012-03-06

On the "Overlapping Consensus" of Liberalism and Socialism——A Survey of the Chinese Intellectuals in the First Half of the 20^th Century

YAN Run-yu

School of International Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China

Received:2009-12-06 Online:2010-10-20 Published:2012-03-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 自由主义和社会主义是近世最有影响的两大社会思潮。前者以强调个体自由、后者以追求社会公平为思想特色。它们在传入中国后,相互间的思想论争不断,并因此给人们留下了彼此对立、互不相容的印象。事实上,自由主义者不仅充分肯定了社会主义思想、社会主义运动产生的历史合理性,也认可社会主义倡导的社会公平价值,并主张以部分生产资料的公有制来保障公平的实现。社会主义者则认可自由对于生命体的价值和意义,主张通过宪法来保障个体的自由权利。受十月革命影响的社会主义者进而主张通过发动俄式革命,为失去自由的劳工大众争取自由。自由主义与社会主义的"重叠共识",不仅直接受制于知识分子肩负的启迪思想、变革政治的历史使命,也与这两大思想流派原本就存在着的既对立又互动的关系分不开。

关键词: 自由主义, 社会主义, 重叠共识

Abstract: Liberalism and socialism are two most influential ideological trends in the modern world.Liberalism emphasizes individual freedom,while socialism pursues social justice.Since there have always been debates between the two after they were introduced to China,they seem to be in opposition with conflicting ideas.But actually this is not true.Liberalism fully recognizes socialist ideas and the historical rationality of socialist movement,and accepts the value of social justice that socialism advocates.It also maintains that part of the means of production should be owned by the public to ensure realization of fairness.Socialists,on the other hand,accept the value and significance of freedom to life,and maintain that individual freedom should be guaranteed by the constitution.Socialists under the influence of the October Revolution even started the Russian revolution to help the working class regain their deprived individual right.The overlapping consensus of liberalism and socialism are attributed to the intellectuals’ historical mission of enlightenment and political reform.The author concludes that from the very start the relationship of these two ideological trends has been both oppositional and interactional.

Key words: liberalism, socialism, overlapping consensus

中图分类号:

K092

闫润鱼. 试析自由主义与社会主义的“重叠共识”——基于20世纪上半叶中国思想界的考察[J]. 《教学与研究》, 2010, (10): 15-22.

YAN Run-yu. On the "Overlapping Consensus" of Liberalism and Socialism——A Survey of the Chinese Intellectuals in the First Half of the 20^th Century[J]. Teaching and Research, 2010, (10): 15-22.

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