中国战略文化的重构:一项研究议程

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 中西方学者对中国战略文化的解读体现出深刻的不同。作者在对比分析之后指出,中国战略文化建立在“仁”、“礼”、“德”、“和”等传统基础观念之上,道德主义、非战思想与现实主义一道构成了中国战略文化的思想基础。19世纪中期之后,中国战略文化发生了巨大变化,进一步强调了重力、尚武。十一届三中全会以来,中国毅然改变了过时的战略判断,将其战略思维从战争与革命的框架之中解放出来,纳入到和平与发展的新轨道之上。作者总结指出,在当前的国际、国内情势之下,如何在道德主义与现实主义之间构建成熟的合作型战略文化堪称构建中国大战略的核心前提。

关键词: 中国, 战略文化, 嬗变, 研究议程

Abstract: In interpreting China’s strategic culture,Chinese and Western Scholars have different and somehow contracting views.In Chinese views,"Ren"(Benevolence),"Li"(Rites),"De"(Virtues),"He"(Harmony) are the foundations of China’s strategic culture,realism,morality and anti-war principle are its ideological foundations.A great transformation took place in the mid-19th Century,and China’s strategic culture undertook a great change accordingly.Since then,a trend of conflicting culture began to take shape,and martial spirit became a main characteristic of China’s strategic culture.Since 1978,China began to cast aside the out-dated strategic judgments such as the strategic framework of war and revolution,and accepted a new framework of peace and development.In conclusion,how to construct a mature framework of cooperative strategic culture based on realism and moral principle is a key precondition of China’s grand strategy.

Key words: China, strategic culture, transformation, research program

中图分类号:

D601

门洪华. 中国战略文化的重构:一项研究议程[J]. 《教学与研究》, 2006, (1): 57-63.

MEN Hong-hua. China’s Strategic Culture:A Research Program[J]. Teaching and Research, 2006, (1): 57-63.

参考文献

[1] 李际均.论战略[M].北京:解放军出版社,2002.
[2] Stuart Poore.What is the Context? A Reply to Gray-Johnston Debate on Strategic Culture[J].Review of International Studies,Vol.29,No.2,2003.
[3] Ken Booth ,Russel Trood(eds.).Strategic Culture in the Asia-Pacific Region [M].Houndsmills:MacMillan Press,1999.
[4] Jack Snyder.Soviet Strategic Culture:Implications for Limited Nuclear Operations[M].Santa Monica:RAND,1977.
[5] Alastair Iain Johnston.Thinking about Strategic Culture [J] .International Security,Vol.19,No.4,Spring 1995.
[6] Carles Lord.American Strategic Culture[J].Comparative Strategy,Vol.5,No.3,1985.
[7] Bradley Klein.Hegemony and Strategic Culture:American Power Projection and Alliance Defense Politics [J].Review of International Studies,Vol.14,1988.
[8] Alastair Iain Johnston.Thinking about Strategic Culture [J] .International Security,Vol.19,No.4,Spring 1995; Jeffrey Legro.Cooperation under Fired Anglo-German Restraint during World War II[M].Ithaca:Cornell University Press,1995; Elizabeth Kier.Culture and Military Doctrine:France Between the Wars[J].International Security,Vol.19,No.4,Spring 1995.
[9] Alastair Iain Johnston.Cultural Realism:Strategic Culture and Grand Strategy in Chinese History [M] .Princeton:Princeton University Press,1995.
[10] Colin Gray.Modern Strategy[M].London:Oxford University Press,1999.
[11] Colin S.Gray.Strategic Culture as Context [J].Review of International Studies,Vol.25,No.1,1999.
[12] Andrew Scobell.China and Strategic Culture[M].Washington:The Strategic Studies Institute,May 2002.
[13] 石之瑜.大陆问题研究[M].台北:三民书局,1995.
[14] Mark Mancall.China at the Center:300 Years of Foreign Policy[M].London:The Free Press,1984.
[15] 李际均.军事战略思维[M].北京:军事科学出版社,1998.
[16] 吴春秋.论大战略和世界战争史[M].北京:解放军出版社,2002.
[17] 秦亚青.国家身份、战略文化和安全利益——关于中国与国际社会关系的三个基本假设[J].世界经济与政治,2003,(1).
[18] Alastair Iain Johnston.Cultural Realism and Strategy in Maoist China[A].in Peter J.Katzenstein(ed.).The Culture of National Security :Norms and Identity in World Politics[M].New York:Columbia University Press,1996.
[19] David M.Lampton.China's Growing Power and Influence in Asia:Implications for U.S.Policy[Z].http://www.nixoncenter.org/index.cfm? action = publications,March 28,2004.
[20] 迈克尔·奥克森博格.中国:走上世界舞台的曲折道路[A].罗伯特·帕斯特.世纪之旅:七大国百年外交风云[C].上海:上海世纪出版集团,2001.