关键词: 福利经济学, 福利主义, 非福利主义

Abstract: The welfareists claim that to judge the standard of welfare in a society one needs only to look at the level of utility among members of that society. For a long time, welfare economics has maintained this welfarist idea. However, there arose a wave of research on non-welfare among scholars of welfare economics since the 1970s. Four reasons can be referred to account for the replacement of welfarism by non-welfarism. Arrow’s Impossibility Theorem,defects in the Pareto Criterion,theoretical reconsideration of efficiency and fairness, and practical reconsideration of efficiency and fairness. Researches of non-welfarism include questioning the hypothesis of "rational economic agents", and issues concerning liberty, individual rights, individual standard of living.

Key words: welfare economics, welfarism, non-welfarism