Abstract: Deng Xiaopings Theory is in essence reflection of socialist movement in the 20th century,especially experiences of ups and downs in constructing socialism during the latter half of the century.In fact.Dengs theory is the inevitable product of Marxism in oriental societies where economy is lagging behind.Deng developed Marxism in three related respects,namely,methodology of social epistemology,nature of socialist society,and development of socialism.His exploitation of new perspectives of Marxism signaled a new era of development of Marxism in China.Under the new historic circumstances he managed to apply new methods to observe and analyze new problems arising in the course of socialist construction,and summarized the nature and law of socialism in new theoretical framework.In short,it was Deng Xiaoping who first attempted to systematically solve problems facing developing countries,that is,questions of how to establish socialism and how to strengthen it thereafter.