In the comprehensive deepening of the reform stage, the Chinese society is faced with the debate on what to change and how to change. Among them, there are mixed figures of erroneous social thoughts. These erroneous thoughts are essentially a replica of the old trend of thought in the new era. Their suggestions focusing on the key areas of reform and key tasks, misleading the public to form a “virtual” mentality and weakening the effectiveness of the reform. Therefore, to strengthen the comprehensive and deepening of the governance of erroneous social thoughts in the process of reform, we need to analyze the current erroneous thoughts and harms that hinder reform, clarify the specific content of “what to change” and “what cannot change”, and adhere to the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics to ensure that comprehensive reforms are deepened along the direction of socialism.