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Politics and Philosophy——A Comparative Study of the Ideas of Gramsci and Foucault
ZHANG Yu-jia
Teaching and Research
2010, (10):
59-64.
A comparison of the ideas of Gramsci and Foucault may reveal the challenge of postmodernism to traditional ideas.In politics,Gramsci held a strong belief in the power of unity and considered party a modern monarch.He advocated organized political action,and was in favor of establishing positive revolutionary strategies.Foucault,on the other hand,was indulged in various deviance and sexual experience.He resisted party politics and considered all the political actions organized in the name of revolution to have a Fascism tendency,and then refused to grant these actions moral and ethical justification.In philosophy,Gramsci insisted on autonomous ideology of subjectivism,while Foucault fiercely criticized nationalism and humanitarian.However,that Foucault strongly criticized the defect and limitations of the traditional theory does not indicate that he had transcended the provisions of philosophy since the time of Kant in enlightenment ideas of human freedom.The point is not if he had given up the ideals of enlightenment.What really matters is if the concepts of rationalism and subject are changed so as to guide more positive political and historical practice.
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