Xi Jinping's economic thought not only explores the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics, but also embodies that of contemporary capitalism and that of a community with a shared future for mankindThe idea of the political economy of a community with a shared future for mankind is based on Marx's conception of world history, and is a continuation and renewal of Marxian political economyIt is grounded on the changes and patterns of different economic relations in the process of contemporary world history, the evolution of science and technology, the development of new forms of communication and the problems it faces during the process as the economic and social conditionsIt is a new round of scientific and technological, economic and political structural change that the world is experiencing todayIt is established against the background of unstable and uncertain changes in economic, political and social relationsThe idea of the political economy of a community with a shared future for mankind in Xi Jinping's economic thought is a major innovation in Marxian political economy in the 21st century