Abstract: The modern agricultural management system is a necessary means to achieve the Chinese path to agricultural modernization. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, faced with the problem of “who farms the land” and with the reform of “the system for separating the ownership, contractual, and management rights for contracted rural land” as an institutional guarantee, China has initially established a threedimensional composite modern agricultural management system with family farms as the basis, farmerscooperatives as the mainstay, leading agricultural industrialization enterprises as the backbone, and agricultural socialized service organizations as the support, leading and driving the development of small household farmers. Through policy innovation in cultivating and strengthening new types of agricultural operating entities and promoting the link between small household farmers and modern agricultural development, the system has played an important role in consolidating and improving the system of basic rural operations, promoting the cost reduction and enhancing quality and efficiency in the agricultural sector, increasing farmers income, and ensuring food security and the supply of important agricultural products in China. It has had a profound impact on pursuing the path of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics.

Key words: the Chinese path to agricultural modernization, modern agricultural management system, new types of agricultural operating entities, small household farmers

摘要： 现代农业经营体系是实现中国式农业现代化的必要手段。党的十八大以来，在习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想指引下，面对“谁来种地”的难题，以“三权分置”改革为制度保障，中国初步形成了以家庭农场为基础、农民合作社为中坚、农业产业化龙头企业为骨干、农业社会化服务组织为支撑，引领带动小农户发展的立体式复合型现代农业经营体系。通过培育壮大新型农业经营主体，以及促进小农户与现代农业发展有机衔接等方面的政策创新，该经营体系在巩固完善中国农村基本经营制度、促进农业节本提质增效和农民增收，以及保障中国粮食安全和重要农产品供给等方面发挥了重要作用，并对促进中国特色农业现代化实践产生了深远影响。

关键词: 中国式农业现代化, 现代农业经营体系, 新型农业经营主体, 小农户