Abstract: The morphology that carries out research on the complex and everchanging phenomena of ideological and political education is of enlightening significance. To construct a morphological standard in the classification of ideological and political education in a true sense, it is necessary to follow the principles of unity of externality and internality, unity of functional and hierarchical standards, and unity of logical and historical standards. The morphological perspective of the classification of ideological and political education includes three analytical dimensions: elements, structure and function. Taking these as the classification standards and analytical dimensions, ideological and political education can be divided into lifelike forms, specialized forms, scientific forms, socialized forms and humanistic forms. The five forms present a hierarchical and progressive relationship based on function, an alternating and fusion relationship based on evolution, and a relationship of polymorphic coexistence based on space, thereby showing the inherent genealogical characteristics.

Key words: ideological and political education, classification, form, type, genealogy

摘要： 对复杂多变的思想政治教育现象开展分门别类的研究，形态学具有一定的启发性。在思想政治教育分类中建构一种真正意义上的形态学标准，需要遵循外部性标准与内部性标准相统一、功能性标准与层次性标准相统一、逻辑性标准与历史性标准相统一的原则。思想政治教育分类的形态学视角包括要素、结构与功能三个分析维度。以此为分类标准和分析维度，思想政治教育可分为生活化形态、专门化形态、科学化形态、社会化形态和人本化形态。五种形态呈现出基于功能的层次递进关系、基于演化的交替融合关系、基于空间的多态共存关系，由此展现出内在的谱系学特征。

关键词: 思想政治教育, 分类, 形态, 类型, 谱系