Abstract: Manifesto of the Communist Party is not only a classic work that systematically expounds the basic principles of Marxism, but provides a scientific methodology for studying and analyzing trends in social thought from a Marxist perspective. Taking historical materialism as the theoretical starting point and logical thread, Manifesto of the Communist Party clarifies the basic principles and methodology of scientifically analyzing trends in social thought. It proposes that the proletarian party has always faced the historical task of criticizing bourgeois culture and the historical mission of building socialist culture in the field of ideology and culture, reveals the manifestation of the “two inevitables” in the field of ideology and culture and the historical position and future of trends in social thought. It is a comprehensive analysis and critique of bourgeois ideology and all kinds of socalled “socialist” trends, and clarifies the ways and conditions for achieving the “two complete breaks”. An indepth investigation of the basic principles and scientific methods of Manifesto of the Communist Party in analyzing trends in social thought is of great theoretical value and practical significance for profoundly grasping the development laws and evolution of trends in social thought in the course of world history and building a socialist ideology with strong cohesive force and leading power.

Key words: Manifesto of the Communist Party, trends in social thought, Marxism, historical materialism, ideology 

摘要： 《共产党宣言》既是系统阐述马克思主义基本原理的经典著作，也是研究和辨析社会思潮的马克思主义理论范本。《共产党宣言》以唯物史观为理论起点和逻辑主线，阐明了科学辨析社会思潮的基本原理和方法论；提出了无产阶级政党在思想文化领域始终面临着批判资产阶级文化的历史任务和建设社会主义文化的历史使命；揭示了“两个必然”在思想文化领域的表现和社会思潮的历史命运，对资产阶级意识形态和形形色色的所谓“社会主义”思潮进行了全面辨析和批判，阐明了实现“两个彻底决裂”的途径和条件。深入研究《共产党宣言》辨析社会思潮的基本原理和科学方法，对于深刻把握世界历史进程中社会思潮运行规律和演进趋势，建设具有强大凝聚力和引领力的社会主义意识形态，具有重要理论价值和现实意义。

关键词: 《共产党宣言》, 社会思潮, 马克思主义, 唯物史观, 意识形态