Abstract: The formation process of the “democracyautocracy” dichotomy in the West demonstrates its attempt to transform “democratization” into “Westernization” by making a conceptual shift and fighting for the discourse power on democracy. This discourse has both distinct value appeals and strong political and interest appeals. The implicit appeal for democratic transformation is to use the logic of voluntarism to deceive other countries on the premise of obscuring the economic foundation. Its discourse not only violates the principle of historical materialism, but also presents with the metaphysical paradox of “improper dichotomy” and the dichotomy between the principle of value and that of fact. The Western discourse on democracy obscures the root problems regarding the economic foundation, and judges the legitimacy and illegitimacy by illusorily standing on the moral high ground of superstructure and values, which is bound to face the paradoxical dilemma of logical construction and realistic practice.

Key words: democracy, autocracy, dichotomy, economic foundation, logical paradox

摘要： 西方“民主-威权”二元对立话语的生成过程，展现了西方以偷换概念的方式争夺民主话语权，企图把“民主化”转化为“西方化”的过程。这一话语既存在鲜明价值诉求，又存在强烈的政治诉求与利益诉求，其暗含的民主转型诉求是在遮蔽经济基础的前提下，企图以唯意志论的逻辑，实现对他国的政治蒙蔽。其话语既违背了历史唯物主义的原则，又存在“不当二分法”的形而上学悖论，还存在价值原则与事实原则的二元对立。西方民主话语遮蔽经济基础的根源性问题，虚幻地站在上层建筑与价值理念的道德制高点进行合法性与非法性的判定，必然会面临逻辑建构与现实实践的悖反困境。

关键词: 民主, 威权, 二元对立, 经济基础, 逻辑悖论