Abstract: In a modern innovative economy, one of the important functions and new missions of the stateowned enterprises (SOEs), as missionoriented enterprises in the public sector, is to replace and complement some of the functions of the government. As a policy toolkit of the state will to innovate, SOEs play three main roles: (1) as a powerful tool to break the dominant influence of vested interest groups and traditional thinking, SOEs promote the reform of the national innovation system; (2) SOEs play a major role in dealing with these major social and global challenges, such as energy transition, climate change, public health, income inequality and population aging; and (3) SOEs play an irreplaceable special role in the technological catchup of latedeveloping countries (e.g. China). This theory applies to large SOEs and to all knowledge and technologyintensive SOEs, regardless of size. The paper specifically discusses the important role of large SOEs as organizers and coordinators in building China's local innovation network and local innovation community; it suggests that SOEs should be used as a policy toolkit to change the unfavorable situation concerning the current “internal selfcirculation” of scientific research activities in universities and research institutes. 

Key words: state-owned enterprises, the public sector, missionoriented innovation policy, social challenges

摘要： 在现代创新型经济中，作为公共部门的使命导向型企业组织，国有企业系统的重要功能和新使命之一就是替代并补充政府作用的部分职能，作为国家创新意志的政策工具发挥三种主要的作用：国有企业作为打破既得利益集团和传统思维支配性影响的有力工具，推动国家创新体系的变革；在应对能源转型、气候变化、公共卫生、收入不平等和人口老龄化等重大社会挑战和全球挑战中发挥主力军作用；在后发国家特别是我国的技术赶超中发挥不可替代的特殊作用。这一理论适合于大型国有企业以及不论大小的所有知识和技术密集型国有企业。论文具体探讨了大型国有企业作为组织者和协调者在构建我国本土创新网络和本土创新共同体中的重要作用；建议将国有企业作为政策工具，改变目前大学和科研院所的科研活动“内部自我循环”的不利局面。

关键词: 国有企业；公共部门；使命导向型创新政策；社会挑战