Abstract: Reform and opening up is a grand new revolution. The reason why it is called “revolution” is because the 40 years of reform and opening up have had a tremendous and profound impact on the development, adjustment and improvement of Chinas productivity, production relations, economic base and superstructure. Reform and opening up have greatly liberated and developed productive forces, and laid the most solid material foundation for the advancement and development of Chinese society; it has effectively promoted profound changes in production relations, stimulated the enthusiasm of the people and the enthusiasm for creating wealth; and strongly promoted the superstructure. It has provided a more reliable system guarantee for the countrys prosperity and longterm stability; struggled to open the country and successfully realized the great historical turning from closed or semiclosed to allround opening up. Over the past 40 years, Chinas productive forces, production relations, economic foundations, and profound changes in the superstructure have been the concentrated expression of the great achievements in reform and opening up, and also a prominent symbol of the important contribution of reform and opening up to the development and progress of Chinese society and even human society as a whole.

Key words: reform and opening up , social revolution , productivity , production relations , superstructure

摘要： 改革开放是一场新的伟大革命。之所以称为“革命”，是因为40年改革开放对我国生产力、生产关系、经济基础和上层建筑的发展、调整和完善产生了巨大而深刻的影响。改革开放极大解放和发展了生产力，为中国社会前进和发展奠定了最坚实的物质基础；有力促进了生产关系的深刻变革，激发了人民群众的劳动积极性和创造财富的积极性；强力推动了上层建筑的完善，为党和国家兴旺发达、长治久安提供了更加可靠的制度保障；奋力打开国门，成功实现了从封闭半封闭到全方位开放的伟大历史转折。40年来，我国生产力、生产关系、经济基础和上层建筑的深刻改变，是改革开放取得伟大成就的集中体现，是改革开放对我国社会乃至人类社会发展和进步作出重要贡献的突出标志。

关键词: 改革开放 , 社会革命 , 生产力 , 生产关系 , 上层建筑