Abstract: Marxs theory of class and class analysis is the core theory of the Marxist historical materialism, and it is also an important methodology for the analysis of social and historical phenomena by means of the theory of historical materialism. In current real life and academic research, Marxs theory of class and class analysis method is more and more challenged and impacted by other theories, especially by the challenge and impact of the western theory of stratum and stratum analysis. But, Marxs theory of class and class analysis can not be out of date, and can not be ineffective. As long as the communism is not realized, Marxs theory of class and class analysis is of practical value and theoretical significance for us to analyze social contradictions and social phenomena.

Key words: Marx , class theory , stratum analysis , challenge , practical value

摘要： 马克思的阶级理论与阶级分析方法，是马克思唯物主义历史观的核心理论，也是马克思分析社会历史现象的重要方法论。在当前现实生活与学术研究中，马克思的阶级理论与阶级分析方法越来越受到其他理论的挑战与冲击，特别是受到西方的阶层理论与阶层分析方法的挑战与冲击，有一种被边缘化的可能。那马克思的阶级理论与阶级分析方法是否真的过时与失效呢？在马克思的历史观与阶级理论看来，只要人类社会还存在私有制，只要人类社会还没有进入到共产主义社会，阶级理论与阶级分析方法就不可能过时，也不可能失效。其对于我们分析社会矛盾、认清社会现象就仍具有实践价值与理论指导意义，仍是一种有效、有用、有现实价值的且并不能被其他社会理论与社会历史分析方法所代替的社会理论与社会历史分析方法。

关键词: 马克思 , 阶级理论 , 阶层分析 , 挑战 , 实践价值