Abstract: Marx has been hailed as a theorist of modernity because he clearly described the essence of the modern nature of capitalismHe found the deified secret of goods,criticized the logic of capital movement,revealed the phenomenon and characteristics of “alienation”Marx conceived to realize the regression of humanity by focusing on the material production practice, to sublate the survival state of alienation by changing the social system,to achieve the reconciliation of human relationship and the relationship between man and nature by setting up the common wealth of communism

Key words: Marx , modernity , capital criticism , alienation

摘要： 马克思之所以被誉为现代性的理论家，他清晰地叙述了资本主义现代性的实质问题，发现了商品神化的秘密，批判了对资本的运行逻辑，揭示了“异化”现象及特征，进而设想通过关注物质生产实践实现人性复归，通过社会制度的变革扬弃异化的生存状态，通过共产主义共同体实现人的关系、人与自然关系的和解。  

关键词: 马克思 , 现代性 , 资本批判 , 异化