Abstract: In recent years,social justice has become both a focus of attention by people from all social classes,and a heated topic for discussion among theorists.This paper holds that justice is not a descriptive concept,but rather a concept of value and norm.In this sense,understadning of this concept can only be obtained through philosophic analysis of values.Justice is a primary value of an institution.As a meta-norm and a principle of value adjustment,justice functions as a means of tentative solution to the contradiction of freedom and equality,and integrates freedom and equality.As a criterion for fairness,it is expressed by a scale,with "satisfactory" being the upper limit and "acceptable" the bottom line.The concept of justice also implies dichotomies of the form and the essence,the ideal and the reality,the historical dimension and the practical dimension and so on.

Key words: justice, value, norm, freedom, equality

摘要： 公正不是一个描述性概念,而是一个价值概念,一种规范性概念,因此,必须从哲学价值论的角度才能获得更好的理解。公正作为制度的首要价值,作为一种元规范和价值调节原则,它是自由与平等之间矛盾的暂时解决方式,是自由和平等的合题。公正作为一种标准,不是一条线,而是一个范围,上限是相关各方"都很满意",下限则是"还能接受"。公正概念自身又包含着形式与实质、应然与实然、历史维度与现实维度之间的张力。

关键词: 公正, 价值, 规范, 自由, 平等