主管：教育部
主办：中国人民大学
ISSN 0257-2826  CN 11-1454/G4
教学与研究

教学与研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (5): 37-50.

• 马克思主义哲学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

历史类比法的唯物史观思考

  

  1. 辛向阳，中国社会科学院大学马克思主义学院、中国社会科学院国家文化安全与意识形态研究中心
  • 出版日期:2026-05-15 发布日期:2026-06-01
  • 作者简介:辛向阳，中国社会科学院大学马克思主义学院院长、中国社会科学院国家文化安全与意识形态研究中心主任、研究员（北京 100732）。

  • 基金资助:
    本文系中央马克思主义理论研究和建设工程重大项目和国家社科基金重大项目“社会主义初级阶段有关重大问题研究”（项目号：2023MZD023）、国家社科基金重大项目“人类命运共同体的唯物史观分析”（项目号：2025SGB005）的阶段性成果。

Reflections on Historical Analogy from the Perspective of Historical Materialism

  1. Xin Xiangyang1，2 
     (1.School of Marxism, University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 102488, China; 2. Research Center
     for National Cultural Security and Ideology Construction, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100732, China)

  • Online:2026-05-15 Published:2026-06-01
  • About author:Xin Xiangyang1，2 
     (1.School of Marxism, University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 102488, China; 2. Research Center
     for National Cultural Security and Ideology Construction, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100732, China)

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摘要： 从历史唯物主义的角度看，历史是可以进行类比的，因为历史发展具有客观规律性和内在的逻辑，而且这种发展具有曲折上升性和波动回归性。历史假定是笔直上升的，没有回归，没有后退与再跃迁，类比也就不可能存在。通过历史类比可以为新制度的建立和发展提供自信，特别是在新生力量还较为弱小或是遇到重大困难的时候，又可以比较好地预判未来，把握发展趋势，为自身发展提供新动力。进行历史类比一定要考虑历史环境，抽象的超历史的类比只能导致错误的结论；进行历史类比不能任意主观，应当有客观的标准和前提条件。

关键词: 历史类比法, 历史唯物主义, 同类性

Abstract: From the perspective of historical materialism, history can be analogized because historical development possesses objective laws and an inherent logic, and this development exhibits both a winding upward process and fluctuating regression. If history were assumed to be a straight upward trajectory without regression, setbacks, or further leaps, analogy would be impossible. Historical analogy can provide confidence for the establishment and development of new systems, especially when emerging forces are still relatively weak or encountering significant difficulties. It can also help better predict the future, grasp development trends, and provide new impetus for selfdevelopment. Historical analogy must consider the historical context; abstract, transhistorical analogy can only lead to erroneous conclusions. Historical analogy should not be arbitrary or subjective, but must be based on objective standards and preconditions. 

Key words: historical analogy, historical materialism, homogeneity ,