关键词: 历史科学, 历史唯物主义, 辩证法, 唯物主义, 思想史

Abstract: Historical materialism is a sublation of the historical context of capitalist civilization. Historical materialism is based on the summary and analysis of historical experience since the emergence of capitalist production relations; however, it is not limited to the rationality and legitimacy demonstrated by the experience. Historical materialism is also a critique and development of the ideological and historical context of various modern historical sciences. Historical materialism pays attention to the evolution of all superstructures since modern times, especially the changes in ideologies and their internal dynamics, but never attempts to affirm or deny it at the ethical level. Historical materialism never tries to overcome the abstract historical crisis of “rites collapse, music spoilt” in capitalist society through new ethic paradigms, and has no intention of returning to the primitive morality like primitive communism. As a historical science, historical materialism extracts objectivity and universality from the natural historical process, and then presents the inevitability of the proletariats liberation of itself and its productivity through revolutionary practice as a historical experiment.

Key words: historical science, historical materialism, dialectics, materialism, history of ideas