主管：教育部
主办：中国人民大学
ISSN 0257-2826  CN 11-1454/G4
教学与研究

教学与研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (2): 18-26.

• 马克思主义基本理论 • 上一篇    下一篇

论恩格斯晚年的所谓“政治遗嘱”——对一桩历史公案的澄清

  

  1. 中国人民大学马克思主义学院
  • 出版日期:2022-02-16 发布日期:2022-02-10
  • 作者简介:赵玉兰，中国人民大学21世纪中国马克思主义研究协同创新中心研究员、马克思主义学院教授（北京 100872）。
  • 基金资助:
    本文系国家社科基金一般项目“马克思恩格斯著作遗产的流传与初版文献整理、译介与研究”（项目号：20BZX005）的阶段性成果。

On the Socalled “Political Testament” of Engels in His Later Years: A Clarification of an Unsettled Historical Case

  1. School of Marxism Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
  • Online:2022-02-16 Published:2022-02-10

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摘要： 在1895年发表的《卡·马克思〈1848年至1850年的法兰西阶级斗争〉一书导言》中，恩格斯对议会斗争的重大作用和积极意义给予了高度评价，从而引起后人的广泛争论。伯恩施坦恰恰利用《导言》而把恩格斯归结为其修正主义观点的源头。通过对《导言》的写作背景和原初稿本的考察，以及对19世纪70年代恩格斯斗争策略的分析，本文认为，恩格斯始终根据具体斗争形势来确定其斗争策略，他晚年的观点并没有发生转变；恩格斯非但不是修正主义的源头，相反，他在其萌发期便是伯恩施坦的严厉批判者。《导言》所彰显的实事求是、一切从实际出发的精神是恩格斯留给后人的真正遗产。


关键词: 《导言》, 议会斗争, 革命, 修正主义

Abstract: In his “Introduction to Karl Marx's The Class Struggles in France, 1848 to 1850” published in 1895, Engels spoke highly of the important role and positive meaning of parliamentary struggles, arousing extensive disputes among later generations. It was based on this article that Eduard Bernstein regarded Engels as the origin of his revisionism. With an examination of the background and the original text of the “Introduction”, as well as an analysis of Engels‘’s struggle tactics in the 1870s, this paper holds that Engels always determined his struggle tactics in accordance with specific situations, and his thoughts remained unchanged in his later years. Rather than being the origin of revisionism, Engels was a harsh critic of Eduard Bernstein ever since he proposed revisionism. The spirits of seeking truth from facts and always being rooted in the reality as exhibited in the “Introduction” are the real legacies that Engels left to us.