竞争性选举与负责制政府：一种“脆弱”的因果关系——选民、利益集团与代表理性互动视角下的分析

《教学与研究》

竞争性选举与负责制政府：一种“脆弱”的因果关系——选民、利益集团与代表理性互动视角下的分析

牛文浩#br#

南京师范大学公共管理学院

出版日期:2019-06-16 发布日期:2019-06-04
作者简介:牛文浩，南京师范大学公共管理学院讲师（江苏南京 210046）。
基金资助:
本文系吉林大学哲学社会科学校级重点研究基地重大项目“罗尔斯之后的正义理论研究”（项目号：2013PT005）与吉林大学廉政建设专项研究课题“发展党内民主与预防权力腐败研究”（项目号：2014LZY021）的阶段性成果。

Competitive Election and Accountable Government: A Fragile Casual Relationship——Analysis in the Perspective of Rational Interactions between Voters, Interest Groups and Representatives

Niu Wenhao

School of Public Administration, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046

Online:2019-06-16 Published:2019-06-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 许多人相信西式民主制所采取的竞争性选举与一个对选民负责的政府之间存在着较强的因果关系。这种观念其实是存在诸多问题的。在竞争性选举的制度条件下，选民对代表的决策行为以及代表候选人的竞选信息保持“无知”是合乎理性的选择。前一种无知将直接导致选民难以有效地监督代表，选举也就不能使代表有足够的动机对选民负责。而选民的这两种“理性无知”还会使得代表候选人接受利益集团的“俘获”更有可能是一种理性的选择。这样，选举政府在许多决策中就会对利益集团负责，而不是对选民负责。“竞争性选举”实现“负责制政府”的条件很难满足，这两者之间的因果关系是“脆弱”的。

关键词: 竞争性选举 , 负责制政府 , 理性无知 , 有效监督 , 俘获

Abstract: Many people believe that there is a strong casual relationship between the competitive election(which is generally taken by western democracy)and a government accountable to its votersIn fact，this is a belief facing many problemsIn the institution of competitive election, it is a rational choice for voters to keep ignorant of representatives decision making and representative candidates campaign informationThe former ignorance will make voters can t supervise representatives effectively, so the election won t guarantee representatives have enough incentives to be accountable to votersMoreover, these two kinds of rational ignorance will also make it a rational choice for representative candidates to accept interest groups captureConsequently, the elected government will be accountable to interest groups,but not to voters in many decisionmakingsThe conditions of competitive election bringing about accountable government are hard to achieve, the casual relationship between these two factors is actually very weak

Key words: competitive election , accountable government , rational ignorance , effective supervision , capture

牛文浩. 竞争性选举与负责制政府：一种“脆弱”的因果关系——选民、利益集团与代表理性互动视角下的分析[J]. 《教学与研究》, DOI: .

Niu Wenhao. Competitive Election and Accountable Government: A Fragile Casual Relationship——Analysis in the Perspective of Rational Interactions between Voters, Interest Groups and Representatives[J]. Teaching and Research, DOI: .